Volume-1 ,Issue 3, October-2025

Paclitaxel is a potent anticancer drug, but its oral application is severely limited by low aqueous solubility, gastrointestinal degradation, and extensive first-pass metabolism. This study developed and optimized paclitaxel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) using microemulsion and modified solvent injection techniques to enhance oral bioavailability and systemic exposure. Comprehensive characterization by DLS, SEM, TEM, DSC, and FTIR confirmed uniform spherical morphology, high encapsulation efficiency, and molecular dispersion of the drug without crystalline residues. Stability assessments at 4°C and 25°C demonstrated preserved particle integrity and drug content over the study period. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation in mice revealed markedly increased plasma concentrations, prolonged half-life, and nearly a 10-fold enhancement in AUC compared to free paclitaxel. Tissue distribution profiles showed improved uptake in liver, kidney, spleen, and brain, indicating reduced first-pass metabolism and enhanced systemic transport. No significant hematological, biochemical, or histopathological alterations were observed, confirming biocompatibility. Overall, SLNs provide a promising and safe oral delivery strategy for improving therapeutic efficacy and absorption of paclitaxel in cancer treatment.

Keyword: Paclitaxel; Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN); Oral bioavailability; Modified solvent injection